4.1 Building Enclosure

Attribute Descriptions

I. Physical Security

Blast resistance

This attribute relates to the blast resistant design of the building facade. High performance is defined as increasing the ability of the facade to resist damage and protect occupants of the building in response to a Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) detonated at the site perimeter. The following performance levels reference the 2010 Interagency Security Committee (ISC) "Physical Security Criteria for Federal Facilities". Other reference documents include the 2008 ISC "Facility Security Level Determinations for Federal Facilities" and the 2010 ISC "The Design-Basis Threat" report, and the General Services Administration Facility Security Requirements for Explosive Devices Applicable to Facility Security Levels III and IV, GSA's Interpretation of the Interagency Security Committee (ISC) Physical Security Criteria, August 2, 2011. Each of these documents is For Official Use Only (FOUO) and sensitive details are not repeated here. Refer to the ISC references for more information. Since the development of this section of the NPBDG, these documents were revised and released in a new ISC document titled “The Risk Management Process: An Interagency Security Committee Standard” (August 2013). Much of the material remains the same as in the previous documents that this section is based on however; one change, the removal of the FOUO designation from portions of the material, helps those outside the federal property function understand and implement the ISC recommendations.

This section as written is intended primarily for use by federal government agencies and those designing and providing leased space to them. While the concepts are applicable to commercial facilities, portions of the ISC standards are FOUO. Future updates may include reference to publicly available standards where available.

These performance levels are not intended to supersede other requirements. If the Facility Security Level Determination indicates the building is a Level III or Level IV classification, it may be necessary to consider Tier 1 or Tier 2 as the baseline.

Baseline: ISC Level I/II - Following the ISC references, glazed and non-glazed facade will be designed to reduce debris impact hazard. The facade will be damaged by the Design Basis Threat (DBT) but hazards to occupants will be reduced compared to a conventional facade.
★: ISC Level III - Glazed facade is designed using anti-shatter materials. Non-glazed facade is designed with additional prescriptive features above Level II. The facade will be damaged by the DBT, but hazards to occupants will be reduced compared to a baseline facade.
★★: ISC Level IV - Glazed and non-glazed facade is designed for blast loads from the DBT. Glazed and non-glazed facade is designed and detailed to resist the specified blast loading with small regions of damage in response to the DBT. For facades with non-traditional materials, non-traditional types of frames or complex geometry, consider verification through blast mockup testing in a shock tube or a range test.
★★★: Conduct a site specific risk assessment following ISC procedures to determine the appropriate threats and level of protection for the facade. Consider (a) increasing the DBT, (b) reducing the allowable hazard performance condition level of the facade components, (c) requiring minimum setback distances to possible threat locations and/or (d) reducing the allowable percentage of facade damage in response to the DBT. For facades with non-traditional materials, non-traditional types of frames or complex geometry, consider verification through blast mockup testing in a shock tube or a range test.

Verification: C&A

ASTM F1642, Standard Test Method for Glazing and Glazing Systems Subject to Airblast Loadings

II. Natural Hazards

Seismic Resistance

This attribute relates to building enclosure performance levels in terms of extent of damage and continuity of operations following a design basis earthquake with a 10% probability exceedance in 50 years (500-year return period). Seismic demands on the enclosure follow from deformation of the structure as characterized by peak transient interstory drift and acceleration forces.

Baseline: This performance level is characterized as Life Safety. Baseline performance anticipates serviceability degradation (e.g., glass breakage, weatherseal damage, frame distortion, increased air and moisture infiltration) of the enclosure system. Controlled deformation of the enclosure system anchorage is accepted, but catastrophic failure is not allowable. The building structural system remains stable and has significant reserve capacity; hazardous nonstructural damage is controlled. Occupancy not expected after the event until repairs are performed.
★: This designation is characterized as Reduced Damage. This performance level anticipates moderate damage to the enclosure system. Ability to provide weather protection is locally compromised. Glass damage may occur, but breakage is mitigated. The building remains safe to occupy; structural and nonstructural repairs are minor.
★★: This designation is characterized as Immediate Occupancy. This performance level anticipates negligible structural and nonstructural damage with minimal damage to cladding components. Seals remain intact. Gaskets maybe loosened but remain functional. No glass breakage is expected.
★★★: This designation is characterized as Operational. This performance level anticipates that no serviceability degradation of the enclosure system occurs as a result of a 500-year design basis earthquake.

Verification: C&A

IBC-2012, ASCE/SEI 7-10, ASTM E2026

External Fire Resistance

This attribute relates to the ability of the enclosure system to withstand the propagation of fire, prevent the spread of fire and control smoke development for a given period of time. The enclosure system shall be able to maintain an acceptable level of strength and stability during and after a fire to prevent collapse. The performance metric for this attribute relates to the level of fire risk, measurement of allowable impact and fire resistance rating. The design team should consider building envelope fire safing requirements where applicable at the intersections of walls and floors and at adjacencies or exposures to proximal threats. The prescribed fire resistance requirement for the enclosure system is determined based on building location, fire separation distance, size, occupancy, and usage along with the type of construction.

Baseline: This fire resistance performance level considers an adjacency or proximal threat, including fixed hazards and adjacent buildings or structures and an associated 1-hour fire resistance rating; although no fire resistance may be required.
★: This designation relates to a perceived increased level of fire risk above Baseline and a decreased allowable impact. This enclosure system performance level is associated with a 2-hour fire resistance rating and protected openings.
★★: This designation relates to a perceived increased level of fire risk above ★ and a decreased allowable impact. This enclosure system performance level is associated with a 3-hour fire resistance rating and protected openings.

Windborne Debris Resistance

The attribute considers windborne missile impact and cyclic pressure loading resistance requirements in high wind zones and defined windborne debris regions.

Baseline: This performance level for windborne debris resistance serviceability references the IBC. Windborne debris resistance shall be implemented in zones specified by IBC only. In non-windborne debris zones, protection if not required at the baseline level.
★: This performance level incorporates windborne debris impact provisions designed to mitigate breaches of the enclosure system. The enclosure fenestration system is designed to resist large and small missile impacts and cyclic pressure loading per ASTM E 1996/1886 as referenced in ASCE 7.
★★: This designation addresses a perceived increased level of windborne debris risk and decreased allowable impact compared to Baseline. This performance level requires that the building envelope remain unbreached for wind zone.
★★★: This performance level is governed by criteria specified for building enclosure resistance to the impacts of tornado windborne debris and wind-induced loads. Risks associated with tornado hazards should considered as a separate item where applicable under a site specific assessment and where high performance is desired. Recommended tornado design wind speed is 250 mph (3-second peak gust). Protection of plant function and occupants is desired for critical facilities.

Flood Resistance

Floodplain management must be accounted for when formulating or evaluating any land use plans and should be correlated with the degree of hazard. Proposed buildings and structures within a flood hazard area shall be programmed and designed in accordance ASCE 24, "Flood Resistant Design and Construction" provisions. Enclosure damage and continuity of operations are the metrics of performance for this attribute.

Baseline: Buildings should be located outside of 100-year floodplain. If this is unavoidable, the enclosure system shall be designed to accommodate a 100-year design flood demand as a Baseline requirement. Critical action facilities cannot be located in either a 100-year or 500-year floodplain unless there is no practicable alternative. If critical action structures must be located within a floodplain they shall be elevated above the 500-year base flood as Baseline. Enclosures below the design flood elevation shall be designed in accordance with ASCE 24 provisions.
★: This designation addresses a perceived increased level of flood risk and decreased allowable impact compared to Baseline. The building enclosure system shall be designed for higher performance and increased resiliency in resisting flood conditions associated with a 500-year flood event. Materials with demonstrated increased resistance to flood damage should be incorporated below the design flood elevation. This performance level anticipates cleanup, drying and minor building enclosure repairs following a 500-year flood event.
★★: This performance level is governed by criteria specified for building enclosure resistance to flood demands. Risks associated with man-made flood hazards (dam, levee, and floodwall failure hazards) should be considered as a separate item where applicable under a site specific assessment and where high performance is desired.

III. Serviceability

Wind Resistance (Serviceability)

This attribute relates to the serviceability of the building enclosure system in response to wind loading. Wind speed and design wind load requirements shall be determined in accordance with applicable ASCE-7 prescriptive methods or wind-tunnel testing procedures. Wind-tunnel testing should be considered for large buildings or structures, in particular those with unusual shape or construction methodology, and those located in hurricane prone regions or surrounded by unusual terrain. The applicability of wind tunnel testing to optimize design should be evaluated by the design team as early as practical in the design process.

Baseline: This performance level for wind resistance serviceability references deflection limits specified in IBC. Baseline criteria includes a glazing hazard consistent with 8/1000 probability of breakage at design load.
★: This designation addresses a perceived increased level of serviceability and decreased allowable deflection compared to Baseline. Deflection limits are less than code allowable to be selected by the design team. Characteristic criteria of this high performance level include a decreased glazing hazard consistent with 4/1000 probability of breakage at design load. No permanent framing deformation at overload (150% design load) is allowed. Center of glass deflection relative to glass edges shall not exceed 1". No impacts to serviceability or occupant comfort expected.

Water Penetration Resistance

Fenestration water penetration resistance requires calculation or wind tunnel testing to determine the project specific design pressure (DP) and water penetration test pressure; requirements must be communicated to the contracting parties in the construction documents. Water penetration resistance can be confirmed with product testing, laboratory mock-up testing, field mock-up testing, and in-situ field testing. Consideration shall be given to prescriptive minimum sampling requirements based on the type of test and number of assemblies to be included.

Baseline: AAMA 101-2008 designation of CW30; gateway DP per ASCE 7-2010 is a minimum of 720 Pa (30 psf). Water resistance test pressure is calculated at 15% of the DP. The maximum limits provided in AAMA 101-2008 have been removed to allow higher test pressures as warranted by the project conditions. "No Uncontrolled Water Penetration" is also a departure from the AAMA 101-2008 definition and does not allow water penetration on any interior surface that is not drained to the exterior or otherwise controlled.
★: Increases the water resistance test pressure to 20% of the DP.
★★: Increases the gateway requirement to AW40 with a water resistance test pressure to 25% of the DP.
★★★: Maintains the gateway requirement of AW40 with a water resistance test pressure to 30% of the DP.

Roofing and horizontal waterproofing

Membrane system requires a system that is highly resistive to physical damage, including impact resistance, and prohibits the entrapment of water within the assembly including insulation, protection, and drainage layers.

Baseline: Prevents the retention of storm water or other accumulation or ponding of water on the membrane surface.
★: Adds requirements for full adhesion to the structural deck and a membrane system that is fully reinforced.
★★: Requires a fully monolithic system without seams or laps joints.
★★★: Requires the added protection of layers above the roofing and horizontal waterproofing systems to fully protect the system from thermal and UV exposures from the environment, such as an inverted roofing membrane assembly (IRMA).

Minimum slope is intended to eliminate the potential confluence of construction tolerance, creep, and other factors that may create ponding or a reduced evacuation of water from the membrane surfaces and to increase the longevity and performance of the membrane. As the slopes are increased the required "drying" time of the roof is decreased.

Baseline: The minimum code requirement as per the 2012 Edition of the International Building Code (2012 IBC), specifically section 1507, in which various minimum slopes are identified based on the type of roof covering system intended for use.
★: Increases the minimum slope to 150% of the baseline requirement.
★★: Requires an increase in slope to 200% of the minimum code requirement.
★★★: Requires an increase in slope to 250% of the minimum code requirement.

Drainage (Size of conductors, leaders, and drains), the intent of this requirement is to build redundancy into the drainage system. Redundancy in the roof drainage system is intended to mitigate ponding in the event of reduced evacuation of water from the membrane surfaces due to blockages, and to increase the longevity and performance of the membrane and the drainage systems.

Baseline: The size of conductors, leaders, and drains is based upon the maximum 100-year hourly rainfall amount data per the 2012 Edition if the International Plumbing Code, specifically section 1106. All storm water piping shall be tested per 2012 IPC, Section 312.8.
★: Increase the maximum rainfall to 110% of the requirement.
★★: Increase the maximum rainfall to 120% of the requirement.
★★★: Increase the maximum rainfall to 140% of the requirement.

Vegetative systems must be designed to meet minimum performance requirements of other attributes to ensure that the waterproofing design is sufficiently robust to ensure continued performance in a concealed location that will be difficult to access.

Baseline: Must meet the HP rating for Membrane System, ★ for Minimum Slope, ★ for Drainage, and ★ for Testing and Monitoring.
★: In addition to meeting the Baseline, must meet the ★★ for Slope and ★★ for Drainage.
★★: Requires HP for Slope, HP for Drainage, and ★★ for Testing and Monitoring.
★★★: Requires HP in all roofing and horizontal waterproofing attributes.

Testing and monitoring are required for all horizontal waterproofing and roofing surfaces.

Baseline: 100% flood testing of all horizontal waterproofing and roofing surfaces for 48 hours.
★: Requires electronic leak detection (ELD) or alternate test methods of the primary membrane to pin point breach locations in the system without reliance on water passage through the breach. Additional testing must be provided for portions of the system that are outside the scope of ELD or an equivalent method.
★★: Requires provisions for the use of ELD or an equivalent method of leak detection without removal or disassembly of the system or its protections as required during the life of the structure.
★★★: Requires integration of the leak detection into a maintenance plan for regular testing and the potential to tie the leak detection into the Building Management System (BMS).

Ground water control

Baseline: Allows active removal of ground water by means of pumping from the lowest level of the structure. Active systems consume energy and must not run on more than rare occasions.
★: Requires passive control of ground water without the use of energy for this function, except as an occasional back-up.
★★: No current designation.
★★★: Requires the selection of a site where the ground water table is not within 600 mm (2 feet) of the top of the lowest structural floor.

Below grade waterproofing requires the relief of hydrostatic pressure on the structure's walls and provision for water to drain to daylight or a storm water management system.

Baseline: The waterproof membrane must be fully adhered to the structure and applied to the positive hydrostatic pressure side of the structure.
★: In addition to meeting the Baseline, must meet the ★ in Ground Water Control and must not rely on compression to maintain the performance criteria, allowing construction activities and future earthwork without compromising the system. When the water table is within 600 mm (2 feet) of the lowest finished floor, a "bathtub" waterproofing system shall be installed to eliminate the need for continual dewatering.
★★: Requires redundancy in the system, such as the inclusion of additives or penetrating coatings to increase the water resistance of the foundation walls.
★★★: Requires the ★★ performance and a redundant secondary drainage system.

IV. Moisture and Condensate Control

Moisture control opaque assemblies

Baseline: Requires compliance with ASHRAE 160-2009.
★: Requires analysis of project specific assemblies and exposures. Requires the placement of a portion of the thermal control layer to the exterior of the air and moisture control layers to reduce thermal bridging and move the moisture potential toward the exterior.
★★: Requires thermal controls to the exterior to maintain conditions within the assembly below a 30-day running average of 70% RH when the temperature is between 5°C (41°F) and 40°F (104°F). Requires monitoring of "vulnerable" exposures of the assemblies that alerts the building staff to approaching conditions that may be harmful to the assembly or the occupants.
★★★: Requires that all thermal controls are exterior of the air and vapor control layers and additional monitoring is provided so that all exposures and assembly combination is included.

Condensation resistance fenestration

Baseline: Perform thermal analysis based on NFRC 500 to determine the performance of a manufacture's typical assembly.
★: Requires laboratory testing per ASTM 1503 of manufacture's typical assemblies to be included in the project to confirm the NFRC 500 modeling.
★★: Requires project specific laboratory testing per ASTM 1503 on project specific extrusion profiles and assemblies, including typical anchors.
★★★: Requires the use of a modified AAMA 501.5 Thermal Cycling of Exterior Walls to include thermal couples of a full-scale project-specific laboratory mock-up to verify the NFRC 500 analysis.

Air Tightness

Fenestration

Baseline: The minimum performance class is defined in AAMA 101-2008 as that which is "optimal" for its intended use.
★: Requires performance class of CW30 and a maximum air leakage requirement per AAMA 101-2008.
★★: Increases performance class to AW40 to incorporate the required durability testing for this class and the increased requirements for air leakage.
★★★: Adds durability testing relevant to the project requirements and further increases the air leakage requirements to align with the AW level designation from AAMA 101-2008, section 5.3.2.2.

Enclosure air tightness (all six sides of the building) can be easily measured, and there is growing expertise in the industry of achieving the airtightness targets specified.

Baseline:
★:
★★:
★★★:

Enclosure air tightness (all six sides of the building) can be easily measured, and there is growing expertise in the industry of achieving the airtightness targets specified.

Baseline: The minimum performance criteria is based upon the requirement of a maximum air leakage of 0.4 cfm/ft2 of enclosure, including all "six sides", at a pressure differential of 75 Pa when tested in accordance with ASTM E779 or ASTM E1827. This is consistent with the requirements of ASHRAE 189.1-2009 and
★: Requires a maximum air leakage of 0.25 cfm/ft2 of enclosure, including all "six sides", at a pressure differential of 75 Pa when tested in accordance with ASTM E779, ASTM E1827, and the USACE Air Leakage Test Protocol for Building Envelopes v2.
★★: Builds upon Tier 1 by reducing the allowable air leakage to of 0.15 cfm/ft2 of enclosure, including all "six sides", at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.
★★★: Builds upon Tier 2 by reducing the allowable air leakage to of 0.15 cfm/ft2 of enclosure, including all "six sides", at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.

Thermal Performance

Baseline: Requires the prescriptive requirements for the building envelope of ASHRAE 90.1-2010, section 5.5.
★: Increases the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2010, section 5.5 to 1.15 times its stated value.
★★: Increases the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2010, section 5.5 to 1.30 times its stated value.
★★★: Increases the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2010, section 5.5 to 1.50 times its stated value.

Enclosure Commissioning

Baseline: Requires Total Building Commissioning, including Building Enclosure Commissioning, as described in ASHRAE Guideline 0 and Guideline 3.
★: Adds the requirements of ASTM E2813 (currently in draft) and the Fundamental Enclosure requirements within the standard.
★★: Includes requirements for Enhanced Commissioning as described in ASTM 2813.
★★★: Combines all the above with additional performance testing as required by the project.

Acoustic Control

Acoustic control is straightforward in theory, but there is little experience in the industry for achieving specific targets. The target inside acoustic signature must be adjusted for occupancies different than normal office occupancy. ASTM standards exist for measuring performance on-site during construction to verify that the desired performance has been achieved.

Baseline: STC-40/OITC-35 based on standard performance values reported for assemblies
★: STC-45/OITC-40 & site assessment and lab tests of enclosure components
★★: STC-45/OITC-40 & site assessment and site mockup testing
★★★: STC-50/OITC-45 & site assessment, mockup field tests and one field test per 20,000 square feet of enclosure

V. Durability

Durability, while very important to many, is very difficult to quantitatively predict, and there are few reliable methods of test and verification. Two targets for each performance level have been identified: the full service life and the time between major rehabilitation. The most important tools are material selection, using experience, and design reviews by third parties, with experience and knowledge related to durability.

Walls

Baseline: Minimum 50 year full service life / 25 year for major rehabilitation
★: Minimum 70 year full service life / 30 year for major rehabilitation 75/30
★★: Minimum 100 year full service life / 40 year for major rehabilitation 100/40
★★★: Minimum 150 year full service life / 50 year for major rehabilitation 150/50

Roofs

Baseline: Minimum 20 year full service life
★: Minimum 30 year full service life
★★: Minimum 40 year full service life
★★★: Minimum 50 year full service life

Fenestration

Baseline: Minimum 30 year full service life / 15 year for major rehabilitation of gasket and seal replacements
★: Minimum 40 year full service life / 20 year for major rehabilitation of gasket and seal replacements
★★: Minimum 50 year full service life / 25 year for major rehabilitation of gasket and seal replacements
★★★: Minimum 75 year full service life / 25 year for major rehabilitation of gasket and seal replacements

Click the cells below to choose a level of standard for each attribute. Show Tooltips

Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Envelope - Protective Security
Blast Resistance	ISC Level II	ISC Level III	ISC Level IV	Site Specific Risk Assessment	Blast Mockup Testing	Site Planning	Interagency Security Criteria ASTM F1642 Design Team Calculations	Describe blast resistance level design requirements.
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Envelope - Natural Hazard
Seismic Resistance	Life Safety	Reduced Damage	Immediate Occupancy	Operational	Performance Mockup Testing		IBC-2012 ASCE 7-10 FEMA 356 ASTM E2026 Design Team Calculations & Inspection	Describe seismic resistance design assumptions.
External Fire Resistance (Proximal Threat)	1-Hour Fire Resistance Rating	2-Hour Fire Resistance Rating	3-Hour Fire Resistance Rating & Protected Openings	N/A	NFPA 251 257 259 & 285 ASTM E108 E119 & E2707		IBC-2012 Design Team Calculations/ Judgement	Describe exterior fire resistance design requirements.	Witness mockup test when provided.
Windborne Debris Resistance	Large Missile < 30-ft from Grade & Small Missile > 30-ft of Grade	Large Missile < 30-ft from Grade & Small Missile > 30-ft of Grade. No breach in envelope for wind zone.	Site Specific Risk Assessment (Tornado Hazard)	N/A	N/A	ASTM E 1996/1886 Wind Tunnel Testing & Projectile Impact Testing	ICC/NSSA 500-2008 FEMA 361 ASTM E1996 Design Team Calculations & Inspection	Describe windborne debris resistance design requirements.	Witness mockup test when provided.
Flood Resistance	100-Year Flood Hazard; Critical Action Facilities Must be Located above the 500-Year Base Flood.	500-Year Flood Hazard and/or Storm Surge Inundation	Site Specific Risk Assessment (Dam, Levee, and Floodwall Failure Hazards)	N/A		Site Planning	FEMA Flood Maps ASCE 24-05, "Flood Resistant Design and Construction" Design Team Calculations & Inspection	Describe flood resistance design requirements.	Witness mockup test when provided.
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Envelope - Servicability
Wind Resistance	Deflection within code limits.	Deflection less than code limits. Deflection limit to be selected by design team.	N/A	N/A	ASTM E 330 ASTM E 1300 Wind Tunnel Testing & Performance Mockup Testing		IBC-2012 ASCE 7-10 Design Team Calculations & Inspection	Describe envelope wind resistance design requirements.
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Water Penetration Resistance
Fenestration	CW30 @ 15% DP	CW30 @ 20% DP	AW40 @ 25% DP	AW40 @ 30% DP	ASTM E331 ASTM E1105 AAMA 501.1 AAMA E2268 AAMA 501.2	Yes Water Leakage = Uncontrolled Water Penetration Delete Test Pressure Upper Limits from AAMA 101-08	ASCE 7-10 AAMA 101-08	Describe fenestration water penetration resistance level utilized in the design.	CxA to witness Performance Mock-Up Test outlined in ASTM E331-09, E1105-08 as applicable
Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing-Membrane System	Do not use roof surface for Storm Water Retention or allow Water Water to otherwise pond or remain Highly resistant to physical damage Designs that prohibit entrapment of Water	Baseline and Fully Reinforced Membrane System Membrane System Fully Bonded to the Structural Deck	★ and Membrane System Fully Bonded to the Structural Deck Monolithic/Seamless	★★ and System Protected from Temperature and Ultra Violet Radiation	NRCA Roofing and Waterproofing Manual SMACNA Architectural Sheet Metal Manual	Yes	Yes	Describe roofing and horizontal waterproofing membrane water penetration resistance construction.	CxA to verify installation and witness testing per ASTM C-1601-05 or NRCA Manual Guideline: "Quality Assurance and Water Test"
Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing-Minimum Slope	2012 International Building Code, Section 1507	Baseline X 1.50	Baseline X 2.00	Baseline X 2.50	N/A	2012 IBC, Section 1507	Yes	Describe roofing and horizontal waterproofing minimum slope used in design.	CxA to verify installation and witness testing per ASTM C-1601-05 or NRCA Manual Guideline: "Quality Assurance and Water Test"
Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing-Drainage	2012 International Plumbing Code, Section 1106 for 100 yr. max. 1-hr rainfall design	Baseline X 1.10	Baseline X 1.20	Baseline X 1.40	N/A	2012 IPC, Section 1106 for 100 yr. max. 1-hr rainfall design	2012 IPC, Section 1106 for 100 yr. max. 1-hr rainfall design	Describe basis for designing the roofing and horizontal waterproofing drainage.	CxA to verify installation and witness testing per ASTM C-1601-05 or NRCA Manual Guideline: "Quality Assurance and Water Test"
Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing-Vegitative Systems	Shall meet ★★★ requirements of Roofing and Horizontal Watrproofing Membrane System Shall Meet ★ for Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Minimum Slope Shall meet ★ For Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Drainage Shall meet ★ for Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Testing and Monitoring	Baseline and Shall Meet ★★ for Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Minimum Slope Shall meet ★★ For Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Drainage	★ and Shall Meet ★★★ for Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Minimum Slope Shall meet ★★★ For Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Drainage Shall meet ★★ for Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Testing and Monitoring	★★ and Shall meet ★★★ for Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Testing and Monitoring	Yes	Yes	Yes	Describe vegetative roofing systems water penetration construction, minimum slope and basis for sizing drainage.	CxA to verify installation and witness testing per ASTM C-1601-05 or NRCA Manual Guideline: "Quality Assurance and Water Test"
Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing-Testing and Monitoring	100% Flood Test of all Roofing and Horizontal Waterproofing Surfaces for 48 hours.	Baseline and Utilize Electronic Leak Detection(ELD) or an alternate methods that to pin point breach locations in the membrane without reliance on water passage through the breach during construction. Limited Area flood testing per ASTM D5957 at drain bodies and other transitions or penetrations that do not allow ELD. Water nozzle test similar to AAMA 501.2 shall be performed on all roof detailing not included in ELD and flood testing.	★ and Allow for future ELD testing during the life of the structure as leaks are identified without removal or disassembly of the coverings.	★★ and Provide a maintenance plan including monitoring at regular intervals as determined. If possible, tie leak detection system into the Building Management System (BMS) and alerts	ASTM D5957 AAMA 501.2 (No Existing Standard for ELD)	Yes	N/A	Describe roofing and horizontal waterproofing testing requirements and leak monitoring system, when used.	CxA to review Testing & Monitoring procedures proposed by contractor CxA to verify BMS system interface to leak detection in conjunction with balance of systems, if applicable CxA to verify installation and witness testing per ASTM C-1601-05 or NRCA Manual Guideline: "Quality Assurance and Water Test"
Ground Water Control	N/A	Passive Ground Water Control with a emergency back-up pump, as required.	N/A	Select a location, site, or building design that allows for ground water table to remain a minimum of 600mm (2 feet) below the lowest level of the structure.	N/A	2012 IBC, Section 1805.1.3	2012 IBC, Section 1805.1.3	Describe method of ground water control whne required.	CxA to test emergency back-up pump, where applicable.
Below Grade Waterproofing	Relieve hydrostatic pressure on substructure walls and allow water drainage to the level of the drain. Membrane waterproofing must be fully bonded to the substrate and seamless. Below-grade waterproofing must be applied to the positive pressure side and must be covered by a protection drainage and protection course.	Baseline and + designation in Ground Water Control Provide a system that does not rely on unpredictable or difficult to control site conditions to develop and maintain a water-tight installation. Complete "Bathtub" waterproofing in the presence of water table to mitigate demand on dewatering system. May require foundation modification.	★ and Includes redundant below grade waterproofing systems, such as a water repellant additive to the concrete masonry foundation walls.	★★ and Include secondary drainage layer within below-grade horizontal concrete slab assemblies.	N/A	2012 IBC, Section 1805	2012 IBC, Section 1805	Describe waterproofing system for below grade waterproofing and test method proposed.	CxA shall witness below grade waterproofing test.
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Moisture and Condensation Control
Moisture Control Opaque Assemblies	Design of the above-grade building enclosure must be demonstrated early in the design development. ASHRAE 160-2009, Criteria for Moisture Control Design Analysis in Buildings is an acceptable basis of design	Baseline and Provide continuous exterior insulation for wall roof, below grade walls and all slab-on-grade containing conditioned space. Conduct moisture control design analysis for each exterior assembly and exposure to document understanding of condensation and drying potential.	★ and Provide sufficient continuous exterior insulation to avoid damaging condensation potential outboard of the drainage plane for wall roof, below grade walls and all slab-on-grade containing conditioned space. Monitoring of moisture content of assembly at vulnerable locations as determined and specified in the construction documents.	★★ and All thermal controls are outboard of the air and vapor control layers of the assembly. Monitoring of moisture content of assemblies tied to BMS for each exposure and cladding type.	Yes	Yes	ASHRAE 160-2009	Document requirement in basis of design	CxA to witness tests outlined in ASTM C1601-05, if applicable
Condensation Resistance Fenestration	NFRC 500 Thermal Analysis and Modeling	Baseline and AAMA 1503 for Standard Extrusion Profiles and Assemblies-Product Submittal Also including Materials and Components that penetrate the thermal control layer	★ and AAMA 1503 for Job-Specific Extrusion Profiles and Assemblies, including Anchors	★★ and AAMA 501.5including Thermal Cycling of full size mock-up with thermocouples to document performance	AAMA 1503 NFRC 500	NFRC 500 Testing and Modeling to show that no condensation occurs on uncontrolled surfaces based on the interior and exterior design criteria	NFRC 500	Document requirement in basis of design	NFRC 500-2010 and 102-2010 (Test Procedure) are intended for the laboratory for establishing ratings, not field testing, so there is no CxA witness activity
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Air Tightness
Fenestration	CW30 Minimum Performance Class	Baseline and < 1.5 L/s*m (0.3 cfm) @ 75 Pa (1.57 psf) Performance data correlated to performance testing	★ and AW40 Minimum Performance Class < 1.5 L/s*m (0.3 cfm) @ 300 Pa (6.24 psf) Durability testing as required for Performance Class	★★ and AW40 Minimum Performance Class < 0.5 L/s*m (0.1 cfm) @ 300 Pa (6.24 psf) Additional Durability Testing as appropriate for the systems anticipated use.	ASTME2318 ASTME283 ASTME783	AAMA 101-2008	AAMA 101-2008	Document requirement in basis of design	CxA to witness Performance Mock-Up Test outlined in ASTM E783-10, E283-04, as applicable
Enclosure Airtightness (All Six Sides of the Building)	0.40 cfm/ft2 @ 0.3in w.c.	0.25 cfm/ft2 @ 0.3in w.c.	0.15 cfm/ft2 @ 0.3in w.c.	0.10 cfm/ft2 @ 0.3in w.c.	ASTM E779/E1827	Yes	No	Provide enclosure airtightness performance requirement and measures designed to provide air barrier.	CxA to witness Blower Door Test outlined in ASTM E1827-11 (ASTM E-779 was withdrawn in 2010)
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Thermal Performance
Thermal Performance	ASHRAE 90.1-2010, Section 5.5 and where section 5.5 is referenced	Baseline X 1.15	Baseline X 1.30	Baseline X 1.50	ASHRAE 90.1-2010	Yes	ASHRAE 90.1-2010	Provide thermal performance characteristics of the enclosure assemblies.	CxA to perform HVAC system testing per ASHRAE Guideline 1.1-2007 (Guidleine 30 was integrated into Guideline 1 in 2007)
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Building Enclosure Commissioning
Building Enclosure Commissioning	Total Building Commissioning with Building Enclosure Commissioning	Fundamental Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx)	Enhanced BECx	Enhanced BECxwith Increased performance testing as determined by OPR	ASTM E2813 ASHRAE Guideline 0 ASHRAE Guideline 3	ASTM E2813 ASHRAE Guideline 0 ASHRAE Guideline 3	ASTM E2813 ASHRAE Guideline 0 ASHRAE Guideline 3	Provide any special testing requirements anticipated during commissioning.	CxA inspection and verification to be performed as outlined in NIBS Guideline 3 ASTM WK26027 in review by ASTM, E2813 no longer available ASHRAE Guideline 3 withdrawn 2004
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Enclosure Acoustic Control
Assuming NC-35 Interior	STC-40/OITC-35 based on standard performance values reported for assemblies	STC-45/OITC-40 & site assessment and lab tests of enclosure components	STC-45/OITC-40 & site assessment and site mockup testing	STC-50/OITC-45 & site assessment, mockup field tests and one field test per 20 000 sf of enclosure	ASTM E90, E366 & E966.	Classification by E1332	No	Provide enclosure sound control performance requirements.	Testing witnessed by the CxA per ASTM Standard E1124-10
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Verification
Attribute	Baseline	★ Tier 1 High Performance	★★ Tier 2 High Performance	★★★ Tier 3 High Performance	Measurements & Verification	Plans & Specifications	Calculations & Analysis	Design Basis of Design	Construction Verification
Enclosure Service Life
Walls (In years to replacement/major rehabilitation)	50/25	75/30	100/40	150/50	No	Yes, Design Review, ★ and higher: Enclosure Cx CSA S478 plan, Maintenance plan	No	Describe expected service life for each enclosure wall type proposed.	CxA shall confirm through submittal review.
Roofs (Replacement)	20	30	40	50	No	Yes, Design Review, ★ and higher: Enclosure Cx CSA S478 plan, Maintenance plan		Describe expected service life for roof type proposed.	CxA shall confirm through submittal review.
Fenestration (Years to frame replacement / IGU+gaskets and seals replacement)	30/15	40/20	50/25	75/25		Yes, Design Review, ★ and higher: Enclosure Cx CSA S478 plan, Maintenance plan		Describe expected service life for each fenestration assembly proposed.	CxA shall confirm through submittal review.